Gravitational Waves

What is gravitational waves?How scientist find them?Why we need to study about gravity waves. Let discuss about this one by one.

Lets start with what is a gravitational wave,for that we first need to know what is gravity?

Gravity is define as the force created by space time depth of a particular object. Generally we study only 3D space but there is another dimension that is time.This 4d dimension was discovered by Einstein in his theory of relativity.

So gravitational waves are caused because disturbance in gravity .This disturbance happens when the object moves or in motion.This concept was put forth by Einstein  and later his theory was proved to be real,when scientist detect them in 2015.

Now lets discuss about how scientist identify or detect these waves :

For this LIGO(Laser Interferometer Gravitational Observatory ) setup a observation center in Livingston,Hartford . the observation look like this

There are totally four components that is a sensor, detector ,a beam splitter,two reflectors

In this a laser beam is send to  the beam splitter ,from there it is been reflected and refracted to two reflectors after that the waves are reflected back to beam splitter,then send to detector.

Generally these both splitted waves have same magnitude under normal conditions and since they paths are opposite , they generally cancel each other.

But when hitted by gravitational waves there is change in  wavelength,phase between two waves .

But the problem is that this change is every minor and it is difficult to detect this.

But in 2015 we detect a gravitational waves .How come?

This gravitational waves was caused due to collision for two black holes which is located 13 million light years from earth with mass 30 times bigger  than sun. So the wave is more stronger than the normal waves caused by sun or other planets.

And another one is detect on 2017 from a collision of two neutron stars

So let discuss why scientist research about gravitational waves

Unlike light, nothing a stop the pathway of gravitational waves.So we can identify different black holes collision,stars collision at quicker time period.

Scientist believe that we can also find how big bang happen with the help of gravitational waves 

Vasheel

Author & Editor

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